PRO/PL> Raspberry bushy dwarf, grape, raspberry - Slovenia

[Brian Edmonds]

RASPBERRY BUSHY DWARF, GRAPE, RASPBERRY - SLOVENIA
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Date: 21 Aug 2003
From: ProMED-mail <promed at promedmail.org>
Source: Amer Phytopathological Society, PLANT DISEASE [edited]


First Report of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus on Red Raspberry and Grapevine 
in Slovenia.
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I. Mavric. M. Virscek Marn, and D. Koron, Agricultural Institute of 
Slovenia, Hacquetova 17, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; and I. Zezlina, KGZ 
Nova Gorica, Pri hrastu 18, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia; Plant Dis. 
87:1148, 2003; published on-line as D-2003- 0701-01N, 2003. Accepted for 
publication 9 Jun 2003.

In 2002, severe vein yellowing and partial or complete yellowing of leaves 
was observed on some shoots of red raspberry (_Rubus idaeus_) cvs. Golden 
Bliss and Autumn Bliss. Sap of infected plants of cv. Golden Bliss was 
inoculated onto _Chenopodium quinoa_ and _Nicotiana benthamiana_. Faint 
chlorotic spots were observed on inoculated leaves of _C. quinoa_ 
approximately 14 days after inoculation but no systemic symptoms appeared. 
No symptoms were observed on _N. benthamiana_.

Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) was detected in the original raspberry 
plant using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 
(DAS-ELISA) with polyclonal antiserum (Loewe Biochemica, Sauerlach, 
Germany). Systemic infections of inoculated _C. quinoa_ and _N. 
benthaminana_ were confirmed using DAS-ELISA. In 2001 and 2002, unusual 
virus symptoms were observed on grapevine grafts (_Vitis vinifera_) of cv. 
Laski Rizling. Symptoms appeared as curved line patterns and yellowing of 
the leaves. No nepoviruses were found in symptomatic plants, but RBDV was 
confirmed using DAS-ELISA.

RBDV infection was later confirmed in grapevine cv. Stajerska Belina with 
similar symptoms. RBDV was transmitted mechanically from grapevine to _C. 
quinoa_, where it was detected by immunocapture-reverse 
transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR). IC-RT-PCR was used to 
amplify a part of the coat protein gene of the virus from raspberry and 
grapevine, and the amplification products were sequenced (1).

The obtained sequence shared at least 93 percent nucleotide sequence 
identity with other known RBDV sequences, which confirmed the serological 
results.

To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of 
RBDV in grapevine and also of RBDV infection of red raspberry in Slovenia.

Reference: (1) H. I. Kokko et al. Biotechniques 20:842, 1996.

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ProMED-mail
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[This is the first report of RBDV in grapevine. At the recent tree 
fruit/small fruit virus meetings in Valencia, Spain, Irena Mavric apprised 
Bob Martin (USDA-ARS-HCRL, Corvallis, OR) that RBDV RNA was sequenced 
directly from extracts of infected grapevines. Moreover, use of RBDV 
monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) provided by Martin showed that the grapevines 
tested positive with each of 3 RBDV MAbs. RBDV-inoculated  _C. quinoa_ 
expressed symptoms similar to those of RBDV in grapevine, and a correlation 
was obtained between disease symptoms and a positive test result for the 
presence of RBDV in one cultivar. The known means of RBDV transmission are 
by mechanical inoculation, grafting, infected seed (up to 77 percent), 
possibly by pollen to the pollinated plant, or by pollen to the seed.

I sincerely thank Irena Mavric and Bob Martin for sharing their research 
results. - Mod.DH]

[see also:
2000
----
Raspberry bushy dwarf idaeovirus, resistance 20001024.1841]
......................................dh/pg/jw
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